The "Lion of Cheronia" is the most recognizable historical symbol of Boeotia. Created by the Thebans and guards a polyandrium where the fallen men of the Sacred Band were buried after the victory of the Macedonians of Philippos in 338 BC in the important battle of Cheronia. Excavations at the site have revealed the skeletons of 254 men and part of their weaponry.

In 1904, expert archaeologists led by the sculptor Lazaros Sochos assembled the pieces, filled in the missing pieces with stones from the Xiria stream of Livadeia that matched the colour and restored the monument. The monument is 5,5 m high.